A review on biochar briquetting: Common practices and recommendations to enhance mechanical properties and environmental performances
Résumé
Biochar briquettes stand as the current frontrunner for cost-effective and sustainable substitutes for fossil fuels in both energy and industrial sectors. Produced through the thermochemical conversion of biomass to biochar followed by densification, this process yields a renewable briquette that imitate coal in mechanical attributes and combustion efficiency, while maintaining a carbon-neutral profile. Findings indicates that substituting biochar briquettes for coal has the potential to reduce methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by approximately 40%. The densification stage plays a crucial role in converting biochar which has low bulk density (0.2 g cm-3 to 0.4 g cm-3), into a coal-like energy product. Thus, effectively addressing concerns associated with handling, transportation, and storage. To ensure the fabrication of high-quality biochar briquettes, particular attention must be directed towards the choice of binder, compaction technology, and operational conditions. In addition, critical briquette quality parameters such as density, mechanical durability, calorific value, and volatile species are influenced by the binder. The optimal binder loading ranges from 5 - 15% depending on the feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. Biochar briquettes produced under these conditions tend to exhibit durability values ranging from approximately 70% to 90%. While the existing literature offers broad insights into pyrolysis conditions for various biomass types, available densification technologies, and binder options for biochar briquetting, a more comprehensive understanding of how these factors impact the mechanical and environmental performance is lacking. This review aims to bridge this knowledge gap. By enhancing the biochar densification process to improve energy efficiency, increase mechanical strength, and reduce pollutant emissions, there is real potential for accelerating the transition away from traditional fossil fuel like coal in a variety of industrial applications where it is challenging to decarbonize the production systems.
Domaines
Génie des procédés
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